🚀 Elevate Your Frontend Skills with Clean Architecture! 🌟

🛠️ Clean Architecture on the Frontend: A Practical Approach

When it comes to frontend development, Clean Architecture can be the guiding light for designing scalable and maintainable applications. It’s not just about writing code—it's about structuring it in a way that stays robust and adaptable over time. Let’s break down the concept and look at an example to bring it to life!

What Is Clean Architecture?

At its core, Clean Architecture focuses on organizing code into separate layers with clear responsibilities. This approach ensures that your app’s business logic stays independent of frameworks, UI, and external systems, making it easy to scale and maintain.

The primary layers in Clean Architecture include:

• Domain Layer: The heart of your app, containing core business logic and rules.

• Application Layer: Handles use cases and interacts with external data sources like APIs.

• Adapters Layer: Acts as the bridge, adapting the external systems to your app.

• Frameworks/Drivers: The outermost layer, dealing with specific tools or frameworks.

Example: Building a To-Do App with Clean Architecture

Let’s say you’re developing a simple To-Do App where users can add, view, and delete tasks. Here's how Clean Architecture would structure this project:

1️⃣ Domain Layer (Core Business Logic):

• Create an entity, Task, with properties like id, title, description, and isCompleted.

• Define rules, e.g., tasks cannot have duplicate titles.
  
  class Task {

  constructor(id, title, description, isCompleted = false) {

  if (!title) throw new Error("Task title cannot be empty.");

  this.id = id;

  this.title = title;

  this.description = description;

  this.isCompleted = isCompleted;

  }

  }

  
  2️⃣ Application Layer (Use Cases):

  • Define use cases like AddTask, ViewTasks, and DeleteTask.

  • These interact with the Domain layer but don’t care how the data is stored.
    
    class AddTask {

    constructor(taskRepository) {

    this.taskRepository = taskRepository;

    }

    execute(task) {

    if (this.taskRepository.findByTitle(task.title)) {

    throw new Error("Task with this title already exists.");

    }

    this.taskRepository.save(task);

    }

    }

    3️⃣ Adapters Layer (Connecting the Dots):

    • Implement a TaskRepository that interacts with the storage (e.g., local storage or database).

      class TaskRepository {

      constructor(storage) {

      this.storage = storage;

      }

      save(task) {

      this.storage.setItem(task.id, JSON.stringify(task));

      }

      findByTitle(title) {

      const tasks = Object.values(this.storage).map((t) => JSON.parse(t));

      return tasks.find((task) => task.title === title);

      }

      }

      
      4️⃣ Frameworks/Drivers (External Systems):

      • Use a frontend framework (e.g., React or Angular) to implement the UI, which interacts with the use cases to display tasks and handle user input.
        
        function ToDoApp({ addTaskUseCase, viewTasksUseCase }) {

        const [tasks, setTasks] = useState([]);

        const handleAddTask = (title, description) => {

        const newTask = new Task(Date.now(), title, description);

        addTaskUseCase.execute(newTask);

        setTasks(viewTasksUseCase.execute());

        };

        return (

        <div>

        <TaskForm onAdd={handleAddTask} />

        <TaskList tasks={tasks} />

        </div>

        );

        }

        
        
        Why Adopt Clean Architecture?

        • Flexibility: Easily swap out storage solutions (e.g., local storage to cloud database) without touching core business logic.

        • Testability: Each layer is testable in isolation, making it easier to write and maintain tests.

        • Scalability: As your app grows, this structure ensures it remains manageable.

        💡 Takeaway: Clean Architecture isn’t a one-size-fits-all solution but a guideline to help developers build apps that stand the test of time. With a layered approach, you ensure that every part of your application has a clear role, paving the way for better scalability and maintainability.